Oil-stove.



Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

Z SHEETS-SHEET I.

w. R. JEAVONS & A. R. WHITTAKER;

OIL STOVE.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG.5| I914. 1 2 14,541 Patented Feb. 6,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Wnesses Y A liven/0m rmrrnn WILLIAM R. JEAVONS ANDARNOLD R. WHITTAKELR, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 6, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM R. J EAVONS and ARNOLD R. WHITTAKER,citizens of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprove ment in Oil-Stoves, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to oil stoves of the so-called smokeless heatertype, and more particularly to stoves such as covered by the patent toWilliam RQJeavons No. 1,089,841, issued March, 10, 1914, wherein the oilreservoir or font is shallow and has an extended top which is subjectedto the radiant heat from the bottom of the drum or combustion chamberthereabove and wherein the oil is maintained between the seepage limitand the point where the oil will fail to feed sufii ciently. In securinga proper supply of oil to the vaporizing surface of the wick, it isdesirable, if not extremely important, to maintain the temperature inthe top of the font at approximately 115? F. and not materially inexcess thereof.

It is the general purpose of this invention to secure the advantagesabove set forth and particularly the object of maintaining thetemperature of the oil at about and not materially exceeding thetemperature specified.

In the drawings formingpart hereof Figure 1 represents a centralvertical sectional view through a heater of the kind referred to; andFig. 2 a transverse sectional view corresponding to the line 22 of Fig.1.

Describing by reference characters the various parts illustrated herein,1 denotes a stove base or ring base supported by legs 2, which basesupports the reservoir and the burner and drum used in connectiontherewith. The ring 1 may be of sheet metal, and is shown as providedwith an upwardly projecting bead 3 and with a series of inwardlyprojecting segmental flanges 4 forming a seat for the base or cone plateof the drum thereabove. These flanges may be provided with upwardlyprojecting bosses 5 (as in our application No. 855,044, filed August 4,1914) which engage an outwardly projecting flange 6 at the outer edge ofthe top of the reservoir or font 7.

The reservoir 7 is an annular reservoir and is provided with an innercylindrical wall 8. The bottom of the reservoir is shown as extendinginwardly from the wall 8, thus providing a horizontal ring 9, therebeing a shoulder 10 formed at the junction of the ring and reservoirbottom for the support of the wall 8. At its inner edge, thisbottom-extension ring is provided with an upwardly extending flange 11which is adapted to bear against the outer wick tube. The body of thering is freely perforated, as shown at 12.

13 denotes the outer wick tube and 14 the inner wick tube of the burner.The outer wick tube extends below the bottom of the reservoir and issecured to the flange 11 of the ring 12, as by means of solder. Theinner wick tube 14 is secured to the outer wick tube, and both wicktubes project upwardly above the top of the reservoir. To further steadyand center the wick tubes with reference to the central opening throughthe reservoir, ribs 15 are provided, said ribs being shown as of channelshape, with the webs of the channels extending radially and the flanges15*, 15 secured respectively to the wall 8 and to the wick tube 13. Thespace between the wick tubes communicates with the reservoir by means ofa tube 13 connecting said space and the lower portion of the reservoir.the upper portion of the inner wick tube is the air distributer 16,which may be of any approved type, as for instance that shown in thepatent to William R. Jeavons No. 906,887.

Below the top thereof, the outer wick tube is provided with an outwardlyprojecting ledge 14*, which may be conveniently formed by doublingthemetal upon itself. This ledge may form a support for the gallery. Thisgallery comprises a cylindrical perforated wall 17, an inwardlyprojecting bottom wall 18, and a downwardly projecting cylindrical wall19 which is adapted. to sleeve upon the outer wick tube and to have itsbottom edge supported upon the ledge 14 The bottom wall 18 isimperforate and is shown as extending substantially parallel to theinclined surface 7 of the top of the reservoir therebeneath. The upperend of the cylindrical wall 17 is preferably bent outwardly intoinverted U shape, as shown at 20, thereby to cooperate with thedownwardly and outwardly projecting skirt 21 which is at the bottom of acollar 22 secured to and projecting downwardly from the inner edge ofthe annular bottom or cone plate Removably mounted within 23 of thedrum, the parts 1722 being substantially identical with thecorresponding parts shown, described and clalmed in our copendingapplication No. 855,045, filed Y August 4, 1914:. This bottom or coneplate forations 28 therein, the bottom of the wind 15 shield beingprojected inwardly at 29 and thence upwardly, as shown at 30, within thebottom of the inner wick tube. This wind shield is of the type shown,described and claimed in the application of William R. Jeavons No.782,005. The space between the wall 27 of the wind shield and the lowerportion of the outer wick tube communicates freely with the annuularchamber provided between the wick tube and the inner wall 8 of thereservoir.

Air needed for combustion will be drawn from the chamber or spacebetween the cone plate and the reservoir top, through the perforationsin the .cylindrical wall 17; also a limited quantity of air will bedrawn through the perforations 23*, tending to break up the hot aircurrents which eddy downwardly from the proximity of the flame and whichordinarily contact with the drum base or cone plate, unduly heating thesame, thereby to a certain extent cooling said cone plate; and the airthus drawn will be replaced by air passing upwardly between the outerwall of the reservoir and the ring 1 and through the openings betweenthe segmental flanges and between the bosses upon said flanges and alsothrough the wind shield openings 28 and through the annular passagewaybetween the wall 8 and the outer wick tube, also upwardly through theinterior of the inner wick tube, the air ascending in the annularpassageway between the wall 8 and the wick tube 13 being deflectedoutwardly by the imperforate bottom 18 of the gallery; and, as theamount of air needed for combustion and for the induced currents of aircaused by the upward flow of the products of combustion is large and asall the air needed must pass upwardly through the annular passagewaybetween the outer reservoir and ring 1 and the passageway between theouter wick tube and wall 8 and through the interior of the inner wicktube there is a considerable cooling tendency on the reservoir surfaceswhich precludes the possibility of the oil heating above the maximumtemperature required for the operation of the stove. To secure theproper cooling of the front the space between the outer wick tube andthe inner wall of the font must be sufficiently narrow or restricted asto cause a rapid circulation of the air therethrough and insure thecontact of the air current ,yvith the walls of the passageway. Inpractice we have found a width of about inch to be eflicient. In 'orderto secure the best efficiency in breaking up the hot air currents whicheddy downwardly from the proximity of the flame (as referred tohereinbefore) it is preferable to make the perforations 23 notmaterially greater than inch diameter, whereby the air flowing throughthe cone plate to the space thereabove is properly limited.

By the construction described, although the top of the reservoir issubjected (and intentionally so) to radiant heat from the cone plate orthe bottom of the combustion chamber, the heating effect is kept withinthe most efficient limits by the air distribut ing arrangement provided.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In an oil heater,- the combination of a base, an annular reservoirsupported thereby and providing therewith an aircirculating space, apair of wick tubes within the reservoir and spaced from the inner wallthereof to provide therewith an annular passageway, a gallery extendingabout the upper portion of the outer wick tube, a drum above said wicktubes and having a bottom adapted to be supported above said passageway,and a collar depending from such bottom and cooperating with the top ofthe gallery.

2. In an oil heater, the combination of an annular reservoir having anextended top, a ring surrounding and supporting the reservoir andforming therewith a vertically extending annular passageway, a pair ofwick tubes within thereservoir and forming with the inner wall thereof avertically extending annular passageway, a drum above the wick tubes andhaving an annular bottom adapted to be supported above said passageways, a collar depending from the central portion of suchbottom,'and a gallery surrounding the outer wick tube and having animperforate bottom and having a perforated cylindrical wall the topwhereof is in operative relation to said collar.

3. In an oil heater, the combination of an annular reservoir having anextended top, a pair of wick tubes within the central portion of thereservoir and forming with the inner wall thereof a vertically extendingannular passageway, a drum above the wick tubes and having an annularbottom adapted to be supported above said reservoir and to receivetherebeneath air flowing from said passageway and air flowing inwardlyabove the top of the reservoir, a collar depending from the innerportion of such bottom,

and a gallery surrounding the outer wick tube, said gallery having animperforate bottom extending outwardly above the inner annularpassageway and also having a perforated cylindrical wall the top whereofis in operative relation to said collar.

4. In a stove of the character described, the combination of a reservoirhavinga horizontally extended top, wick tubes projecting upwardly fromthe reservoir, a'gallery extending about the upper portion of the outerwick tube, a drum above the wick tubes and having a bottom, and meanswhereby air may circulate upwardly about the exterior of the reservoirand upwardly about the outer wick tube and be delivered beneath saidbottom' and thence through said gallery.

5. In a heater of the character-described, the combination of an annularreservoir, a pair of wick tubes within the central wall of the reservoirand communicating with said reservoir and forming a verticallyextendingannular passageway with the lnner wall of said reservoir, a gallerysurrounding the upper portion of the outer wick tube and having animperforate portion extending outwardly above the top of the annularpassageway, said gallery being provided with a' vertically extendingperforated wall through which air flowing through the passageway may beadmitted to the space about the top of the outer wick tube.

6. In a heater of the character described; the combination ofan annularreservoir, a

pair of wick tubes within the central wall of the reservoir andcommunicating with said reservoir and forming a vertically extendingannular passageway with the inner" wall of said reservoir, a gallerysurrounding the upper. portion of the outer wick tube, said gallerybeing provided with a vertically extending perforated wall through whichair flowingthrough the passageway may be admitted to the space about thetop above the top of of the outer wick'tube, and means for de- 'flectingoutwardly above the reservoir top the air flowing through saidpassageway.

7. In a heater of the character described, the combination of an annularreservoir, a

pair of wick tubes within the central portion. of the reservoir andspaced from the o inner wall thereof to provide an annular passagewaytherewith, a drum having a bot.

top of the reservoir, and means whereby the air flowing upwardly throughthe ans.

irular passageway may circulate outwardly the reservoir and beneath saidbottom. f 8. In. a heater of the character described, the combination ofan annular reservoir, a

shield being provided withperforations in pair of wick tubes within thecentral portion of the reservoir and spaced from the inner wall thereofto provide an. annular passageway, a gallery surrounding the upperportion of the outer wick tube, a drum having a bottom extending abovethe top of the reservoir, means whereby air may circulate'about theouter wall of the reservoir and inwardly into the space beneath the drumbottom, and means whereby the air flowing upwardly through the annularpassageway may be deflected outwardly above the top of the reservoir andbeneath the bottom plate and thence delivered into and through thegallery.

-9. In a heater of the character the outer wick tube, and a deflectorextending substantially parallel with the inclined portion of thereservoir thereby to deflect outwardly the air flowing upwardly throughsuch passageway prior to its passage through the gallery. a

10., In a heater of the character described, the combination of anannular reservoir having its top inclined upwardly and outwardly fromthe inner wall thereof, a \pair of wick tubes mounted within saidreservoir and spaced from the inner wall thereof to provide therewith anannular passageway, a gallery about the upper portion of the outer wicktube, a deflector extending substantially parallel with the inclinedportion of thereservoir thereby to deflect outwardly the air flowingupwardly through such passageway prior to its passage through thegallery, and a drum having a bottom extending above the top of thereservoir.

11. In a heater of the character described, the combination of anannular reservoir, a pair of wick tubes mounted within the reservoir andforming with the inner wall thereof a vertical annular passageway, and

across the bottoms of the wick tubes and thence upwardly within. theinner wick tube form an annular space therewith, said the downwardlyextending wall thereof.

12. In an oil heater, the combination of a base, an annular reservoirsupported thereby and providing therewith an air circulating space, apair of wick tubes within the reservoir and spaced-from the inner wallthereof described, \the combination of an annular reservoir to providetherewith an annular passage-' way,,- a gallery extending about theupper portlon of the outer wick tube, a drum above.

30 extending about the upper portion of the said wick tubes and having abottom adapted to be supported above said passageway, a collar dependingfrom such bottom and cooperating with the top of the gallery, and meanswhereby air in limited quantity may pass from such ai r circulatingspace through the drum bottom to the space thereabove.

13. In an oil heater, the combination of an annular reservoir having anextended top, a ring surrounding and supporting the reservoir andforming therewith a vertically extending annular passageway, a pair ofwick in the drum thereabove.

14. In a stove of the character described, the combination of areservoir having a horizontally extended top, wick tubes projectingupwardly from the reservoir, a gallery outer wick tube, a drum above thewick tubes and having an inwardly extending bottom,means whereby air maycirculate upwardly about the exterior of the reservoir and upwardlyabout the outer wick tube and be delivered beneath said bottom andthence through said gallery, and means whereby airin limited quantitymay circulate through'su ch bottom to the space in the drum thereabove.

15. In a stove of the character described,

the combination of a reservoir having an extended top, wick tubesprojecting upwardly from the reservoir and spaced therefrom to form anannular passageway, a

drum above the wick tubes, said drum having an inwardly extendingbottomi' means whereby air may be conducted from the exterior of thereservoir and from the annular passageway to the space between thereservoir top and the bottom of the drum, and means whereby air inlimited quantity may circulate through 'the drum bottom to the" space inthe drum thereabove.

16. In a heater of the character described,

the combination of an annular reservoir, a

pair of wick, tubes within the central por-' tion of thereservoir andspaced from the inner wall thereof to provide an annular passageway, agallery surrounding the up-.v .p'er portion of the outer wick tube, adrum having a bottom extending above the top of the reservoir, meanswhereby air may circulate about the outer wall of the reservoir andinwardly into the space beneath the drum bottom, means whereby the airflowing upwardly through the annular passageway may be deflectedoutwardly above the top of the reservoir and beneath the drum bottom andthence delivered into and and spaced from the inner wall thereof to aprovide therewith an annular passageway,

a gallery about the upper portion of the outer wick tube, a deflectorextendin substantially parallel with the incline portion of thereservoir thereby to deflect outwardly the air flowing upwardly throughsuch passageway prior to its passage through the gallery, a drum havinga bottom extending above the top of the reservoir, and means whereby airin limited quantity may circulate through such bottom to the space inthe drum thereabove.

18. In a heater of the character described, the combination of anannular reservoir having its top'inclined upwardly and outwardly fromthe inner wall thereof, a pair of wick tubes mounted within saidreservoir and spaced from the inner wall thereof to provide therewith anannular passageway, a drum cooperating withsaid wick tubes and having abottom extending above the top of the reservoir and forming anair-circulating space therewith through which air is conducted inoperative relation to the space above the wick tubes, a deflectorextending outwardly from the outer wick tub substantially parallel withthe inclined portion of the reservoir thereby to deflect outwardly intosuch space and in cooling relation to the top of the reservoir the airwhich flows upwardly through such passageway, and means whereby air mayalso circulate inwardly through such space'beneath' the said bottom andabove the top of the reservoir and in cooling relation to the reservoir.k

In testimony whereof, we hereunto affix our signatures in the presenceof two witnesses.

WILLIAM R. JEAvoNs. I ARNOLD R. WEHITTAKER.

